Gil or Gilak is the Iranian-speaking ethnic group living in the southwestern coast of the Caspian Sea, which lives in the Gilan province. Gilka is located east of Mazandaran, the west by the efforts of the Azeri people and the south with the Tatars.
The Gilaki speak one of the Hindu languages of the northwestern Iranian languages. The language of this people is Gilaki language and their residence from the west to Rezvanshahr and from the east to Chalus. This area includes the cities of Ramsar, Shirood, Tonekabon, Kardashte and Chalus and … in Mazandaran province. Different views have been expressed about the name of Gilan and the meanings of Gil and Golan. The glossary of Dehkhoda Gilan is derived from the word “Gil” plus the suffix “N” and added along with Gelan meaning the country of flowers and Greeks Gelae
The population of Gilka is estimated at some 4 million tons
The peoples of the Mazandaran Mountains still call themselves Golkas, a golk of Gilakan, and indeed of the mountainous Gilka, and their language. (Dialect of Kelardasht people, Iran Kalbasi)
In the old days, Gilkan was divided into three categories according to the mode of production:
The inhabitants of the plain, whose work was blue-haired, were mostly engaged in the cultivation of rice and tea, and later gardening (citrus), called Guillaume or Guillaume.
The inhabitants of the Gilan and Mazandaran Highlands, who were mostly employed in agriculture, were busy with wheat and barley, and called cola.
And the third group of gills was called dairy farmers and were nomadic. Of course, with the advancement of technology, today the gallows are one-sided, and as a whole, with the transformation of production methods, this division is limited to the remainder of the title and the biologic nature of the Gilcians has changed a lot.